Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	21
Number of observations	41188
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	12
Duplicate rows (%)	< 0.1%
Total size in memory	6.6 MiB
Average record size in memory	168.0 B

Variable types

NUM	10
CAT	10
BOOL	1

Warnings

Dataset has 12 (< 0.1%) duplicate rows	Duplicates
`euribor3m` is highly correlated with `emp.var.rate` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`emp.var.rate` is highly correlated with `euribor3m` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`nr.employed` is highly correlated with `emp.var.rate` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`previous` has 35563 (86.3%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2021-09-13 20:09:03.295935
Analysis finished	2021-09-13 20:09:31.351576
Duration	28.06 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v2.9.0
Download configuration	config.yaml

age
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	78
Distinct (%)	0.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	40.02406041
Minimum	17
Maximum	98
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	17
5-th percentile	26
Q1	32
median	38
Q3	47
95-th percentile	58
Maximum	98
Range	81
Interquartile range (IQR)	15

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	10.42124998
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2603746315
Kurtosis	0.7913115312
Mean	40.02406041
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	7
Skewness	0.7846968158
Sum	1648511
Variance	108.6024512
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
31	1947	4.7%
32	1846	4.5%
33	1833	4.5%
36	1780	4.3%
35	1759	4.3%
34	1745	4.2%
30	1714	4.2%
37	1475	3.6%
29	1453	3.5%
39	1432	3.5%
Other values (68)	24204	58.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
17	5	< 0.1%
18	28	0.1%
19	42	0.1%
20	65	0.2%
21	102	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
98	2	< 0.1%
95	1	< 0.1%
94	1	< 0.1%
92	4	< 0.1%
91	2	< 0.1%

job
Categorical

Distinct	12
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

admin.	10422
blue-collar	9254
technician	6743
services	3969
management	2924
Other values (7)	7876

Frequencies
Length

Common Values
Overview

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
admin.	10422	25.3%
blue-collar	9254	22.5%
technician	6743	16.4%
services	3969	9.6%
management	2924	7.1%
retired	1720	4.2%
entrepreneur	1456	3.5%
self-employed	1421	3.5%
housemaid	1060	2.6%
unemployed	1014	2.5%
Other values (2)	1205	2.9%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	13
Median length	10
Mean length	8.955229679
Min length	6

marital
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

married	24928
single	11568
divorced	4612
unknown	80

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
married	24928	60.5%
single	11568	28.1%
divorced	4612	11.2%
unknown	80	0.2%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	8
Median length	7
Mean length	6.831115859
Min length	6

education
Categorical

Distinct	8
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

university.degree	12168
high.school	9515
basic.9y	6045
professional.course	5243
basic.4y	4176
Other values (3)	4041

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
university.degree	12168	29.5%
high.school	9515	23.1%
basic.9y	6045	14.7%
professional.course	5243	12.7%
basic.4y	4176	10.1%
basic.6y	2292	5.6%
unknown	1731	4.2%
illiterate	18	< 0.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	19
Median length	11
Mean length	12.7109595
Min length	7

default
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

no	32588
unknown	8597
yes	3

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
no	32588	79.1%
unknown	8597	20.9%
yes	3	< 0.1%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	7
Median length	2
Mean length	3.043702049
Min length	2

housing
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

yes	21576
no	18622
unknown	990

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
yes	21576	52.4%
no	18622	45.2%
unknown	990	2.4%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	7
Median length	3
Mean length	2.644022531
Min length	2

loan
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

no	33950
yes	6248
unknown	990

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
no	33950	82.4%
yes	6248	15.2%
unknown	990	2.4%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	7
Median length	2
Mean length	2.271875303
Min length	2

contact
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

cellular	26144
telephone	15044

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
cellular	26144	63.5%
telephone	15044	36.5%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	9
Median length	8
Mean length	8.365252015
Min length	8

month
Categorical

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

may	13769
jul	7174
aug	6178
jun	5318
nov	4101
Other values (5)	4648

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
may	13769	33.4%
jul	7174	17.4%
aug	6178	15.0%
jun	5318	12.9%
nov	4101	10.0%
apr	2632	6.4%
oct	718	1.7%
sep	570	1.4%
mar	546	1.3%
dec	182	0.4%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	3
Median length	3
Mean length	3
Min length	3

day_of_week
Categorical

Distinct	5
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

thu	8623
mon	8514
wed	8134
tue	8090
fri	7827

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
thu	8623	20.9%
mon	8514	20.7%
wed	8134	19.7%
tue	8090	19.6%
fri	7827	19.0%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	3
Median length	3
Mean length	3
Min length	3

duration
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	1544
Distinct (%)	3.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	258.2850102
Minimum	0
Maximum	4918
Zeros	4
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	36
Q1	102
median	180
Q3	319
95-th percentile	752.65
Maximum	4918
Range	4918
Interquartile range (IQR)	217

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	259.2792488
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.003849386
Kurtosis	20.24793801
Mean	258.2850102
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	94
Skewness	3.263141255
Sum	10638243
Variance	67225.72888
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
85	170	0.4%
90	170	0.4%
136	168	0.4%
73	167	0.4%
124	164	0.4%
87	162	0.4%
104	161	0.4%
72	161	0.4%
111	160	0.4%
106	159	0.4%
Other values (1534)	39546	96.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	4	< 0.1%
1	3	< 0.1%
2	1	< 0.1%
3	3	< 0.1%
4	12	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4918	1	< 0.1%
4199	1	< 0.1%
3785	1	< 0.1%
3643	1	< 0.1%
3631	1	< 0.1%

campaign
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	42
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2.567592503
Minimum	1
Maximum	56
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	1
median	2
Q3	3
95-th percentile	7
Maximum	56
Range	55
Interquartile range (IQR)	2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.770013543
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.078836903
Kurtosis	36.97979514
Mean	2.567592503
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	4.762506697
Sum	105754
Variance	7.672975028
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=42)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	17642	42.8%
2	10570	25.7%
3	5341	13.0%
4	2651	6.4%
5	1599	3.9%
6	979	2.4%
7	629	1.5%
8	400	1.0%
9	283	0.7%
10	225	0.5%
Other values (32)	869	2.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	17642	42.8%
2	10570	25.7%
3	5341	13.0%
4	2651	6.4%
5	1599	3.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
56	1	< 0.1%
43	2	< 0.1%
42	2	< 0.1%
41	1	< 0.1%
40	2	< 0.1%

pdays
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	27
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	962.475454
Minimum	0
Maximum	999
Zeros	15
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	999
Q1	999
median	999
Q3	999
95-th percentile	999
Maximum	999
Range	999
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	186.9109073
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.194198103
Kurtosis	22.22946263
Mean	962.475454
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	-4.922189916
Sum	39642439
Variance	34935.68728
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=27)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
999	39673	96.3%
3	439	1.1%
6	412	1.0%
4	118	0.3%
9	64	0.2%
2	61	0.1%
7	60	0.1%
12	58	0.1%
10	52	0.1%
5	46	0.1%
Other values (17)	205	0.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	15	< 0.1%
1	26	0.1%
2	61	0.1%
3	439	1.1%
4	118	0.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
999	39673	96.3%
27	1	< 0.1%
26	1	< 0.1%
25	1	< 0.1%
22	3	< 0.1%

previous
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	8
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.1729629989
Minimum	0
Maximum	7
Zeros	35563
Zeros (%)	86.3%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	1
Maximum	7
Range	7
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.4949010798
Coefficient of variation (CV)	2.861311858
Kurtosis	20.10881622
Mean	0.1729629989
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	3.832042243
Sum	7124
Variance	0.2449270788
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=8)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	35563	86.3%
1	4561	11.1%
2	754	1.8%
3	216	0.5%
4	70	0.2%
5	18	< 0.1%
6	5	< 0.1%
7	1	< 0.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	35563	86.3%
1	4561	11.1%
2	754	1.8%
3	216	0.5%
4	70	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
7	1	< 0.1%
6	5	< 0.1%
5	18	< 0.1%
4	70	0.2%
3	216	0.5%

poutcome
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

nonexistent	35563
failure	4252
success	1373

Frequencies
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
nonexistent	35563	86.3%
failure	4252	10.3%
success	1373	3.3%

Frequencies of value counts

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Length

Max length	11
Median length	11
Mean length	10.45372439
Min length	7

emp.var.rate
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.08188550063
Minimum	-3.4
Maximum	1.4
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-3.4
5-th percentile	-2.9
Q1	-1.8
median	1.1
Q3	1.4
95-th percentile	1.4
Maximum	1.4
Range	4.8
Interquartile range (IQR)	3.2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.570959741
Coefficient of variation (CV)	19.18483405
Kurtosis	-1.062631525
Mean	0.08188550063
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.3
Skewness	-0.7240955492
Sum	3372.7
Variance	2.467914506
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.4	16234	39.4%
-1.8	9184	22.3%
1.1	7763	18.8%
-0.1	3683	8.9%
-2.9	1663	4.0%
-3.4	1071	2.6%
-1.7	773	1.9%
-1.1	635	1.5%
-3	172	0.4%
-0.2	10	< 0.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-3.4	1071	2.6%
-3	172	0.4%
-2.9	1663	4.0%
-1.8	9184	22.3%
-1.7	773	1.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.4	16234	39.4%
1.1	7763	18.8%
-0.1	3683	8.9%
-0.2	10	< 0.1%
-1.1	635	1.5%

cons.price.idx
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	26
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	93.57566437
Minimum	92.201
Maximum	94.767
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	92.201
5-th percentile	92.713
Q1	93.075
median	93.749
Q3	93.994
95-th percentile	94.465
Maximum	94.767
Range	2.566
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.919

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.578840049
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.00618579684
Kurtosis	-0.8298085772
Mean	93.57566437
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.38
Skewness	-0.2308876514
Sum	3854194.464
Variance	0.3350558023
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=26)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
93.994	7763	18.8%
93.918	6685	16.2%
92.893	5794	14.1%
93.444	5175	12.6%
94.465	4374	10.6%
93.2	3616	8.8%
93.075	2458	6.0%
92.201	770	1.9%
92.963	715	1.7%
92.431	447	1.1%
Other values (16)	3391	8.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
92.201	770	1.9%
92.379	267	0.6%
92.431	447	1.1%
92.469	178	0.4%
92.649	357	0.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
94.767	128	0.3%
94.601	204	0.5%
94.465	4374	10.6%
94.215	311	0.8%
94.199	303	0.7%

cons.conf.idx
Real number (ℝ)

Distinct	26
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	-40.50260027
Minimum	-50.8
Maximum	-26.9
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-50.8
5-th percentile	-47.1
Q1	-42.7
median	-41.8
Q3	-36.4
95-th percentile	-33.6
Maximum	-26.9
Range	23.9
Interquartile range (IQR)	6.3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	4.628197856
Coefficient of variation (CV)	-0.1142691537
Kurtosis	-0.3585583105
Mean	-40.50260027
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	4.4
Skewness	0.3031798587
Sum	-1668221.1
Variance	21.4202154
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=26)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-36.4	7763	18.8%
-42.7	6685	16.2%
-46.2	5794	14.1%
-36.1	5175	12.6%
-41.8	4374	10.6%
-42	3616	8.8%
-47.1	2458	6.0%
-31.4	770	1.9%
-40.8	715	1.7%
-26.9	447	1.1%
Other values (16)	3391	8.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-50.8	128	0.3%
-50	282	0.7%
-49.5	204	0.5%
-47.1	2458	6.0%
-46.2	5794	14.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-26.9	447	1.1%
-29.8	267	0.6%
-30.1	357	0.9%
-31.4	770	1.9%
-33	172	0.4%

euribor3m
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	316
Distinct (%)	0.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.621290813
Minimum	0.634
Maximum	5.045
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.634
5-th percentile	0.797
Q1	1.344
median	4.857
Q3	4.961
95-th percentile	4.966
Maximum	5.045
Range	4.411
Interquartile range (IQR)	3.617

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.734447405
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4789583313
Kurtosis	-1.406802622
Mean	3.621290813
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.108
Skewness	-0.7091879564
Sum	149153.726
Variance	3.0083078
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4.857	2868	7.0%
4.962	2613	6.3%
4.963	2487	6.0%
4.961	1902	4.6%
4.856	1210	2.9%
4.964	1175	2.9%
1.405	1169	2.8%
4.965	1071	2.6%
4.864	1044	2.5%
4.96	1013	2.5%
Other values (306)	24636	59.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.634	8	< 0.1%
0.635	43	0.1%
0.636	14	< 0.1%
0.637	6	< 0.1%
0.638	7	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5.045	9	< 0.1%
5	7	< 0.1%
4.97	172	0.4%
4.968	992	2.4%
4.967	643	1.6%

nr.employed
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	11
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	5167.035911
Minimum	4963.6
Maximum	5228.1
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	4963.6
5-th percentile	5017.5
Q1	5099.1
median	5191
Q3	5228.1
95-th percentile	5228.1
Maximum	5228.1
Range	264.5
Interquartile range (IQR)	129

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	72.25152767
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.01398316732
Kurtosis	-0.003760375696
Mean	5167.035911
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	37.1
Skewness	-1.044262407
Sum	212819875.1
Variance	5220.28325
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=11)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5228.1	16234	39.4%
5099.1	8534	20.7%
5191	7763	18.8%
5195.8	3683	8.9%
5076.2	1663	4.0%
5017.5	1071	2.6%
4991.6	773	1.9%
5008.7	650	1.6%
4963.6	635	1.5%
5023.5	172	0.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4963.6	635	1.5%
4991.6	773	1.9%
5008.7	650	1.6%
5017.5	1071	2.6%
5023.5	172	0.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5228.1	16234	39.4%
5195.8	3683	8.9%
5191	7763	18.8%
5176.3	10	< 0.1%
5099.1	8534	20.7%

y
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	321.8 KiB

no	36548
yes	4640

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
no	36548	88.7%
yes	4640	11.3%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

Count
Matrix

First rows

	age	job	marital	education	default	housing	loan	contact	month	day_of_week	duration	campaign	pdays	poutcome	emp.var.rate	cons.price.idx	cons.conf.idx	euribor3m	nr.employed	y
0	56	housemaid	married	basic.4y	no	no	no	telephone	may	mon	261	1	999	nonexistent	1.1	93.994	-36.4	4.857	5191.0	no
1	57	services	married	high.school	unknown	no	no	telephone	may	mon	149	1	999	nonexistent	1.1	93.994	-36.4	4.857	5191.0	no
2	37	services	married	high.school	no	yes	no	telephone	may	mon	226	1	999	nonexistent	1.1	93.994	-36.4	4.857	5191.0	no
3	40	admin.	married	basic.6y	no	no	no	telephone	may	mon	151	1	999	nonexistent	1.1	93.994	-36.4	4.857	5191.0	no
4	56	services	married	high.school	no	no	yes	telephone	may	mon	307	1	999	nonexistent	1.1	93.994	-36.4	4.857	5191.0	no
5	45	services	married	basic.9y	unknown	no	no	telephone	may	mon	198	1	999	nonexistent	1.1	93.994	-36.4	4.857	5191.0	no
6	59	admin.	married	professional.course	no	no	no	telephone	may	mon	139	1	999	nonexistent	1.1	93.994	-36.4	4.857	5191.0	no
7	41	blue-collar	married	unknown	unknown	no	no	telephone	may	mon	217	1	999	nonexistent	1.1	93.994	-36.4	4.857	5191.0	no
8	24	technician	single	professional.course	no	yes	no	telephone	may	mon	380	1	999	nonexistent	1.1	93.994	-36.4	4.857	5191.0	no
9	25	services	single	high.school	no	yes	no	telephone	may	mon	50	1	999	nonexistent	1.1	93.994	-36.4	4.857	5191.0	no

Last rows

	age	job	marital	education	default	housing	loan	contact	month	day_of_week	duration	campaign	pdays	previous	poutcome	emp.var.rate	cons.price.idx	cons.conf.idx	euribor3m	nr.employed	y
41178	62	retired	married	university.degree	no	no	no	cellular	nov	thu	483	2	6	3	success	-1.1	94.767	-50.8	1.031	4963.6	yes
41179	64	retired	divorced	professional.course	no	yes	no	cellular	nov	fri	151	3	999	0	nonexistent	-1.1	94.767	-50.8	1.028	4963.6	no
41180	36	admin.	married	university.degree	no	no	no	cellular	nov	fri	254	2	999	0	nonexistent	-1.1	94.767	-50.8	1.028	4963.6	no
41181	37	admin.	married	university.degree	no	yes	no	cellular	nov	fri	281	1	999	0	nonexistent	-1.1	94.767	-50.8	1.028	4963.6	yes
41182	29	unemployed	single	basic.4y	no	yes	no	cellular	nov	fri	112	1	9	1	success	-1.1	94.767	-50.8	1.028	4963.6	no
41183	73	retired	married	professional.course	no	yes	no	cellular	nov	fri	334	1	999	0	nonexistent	-1.1	94.767	-50.8	1.028	4963.6	yes
41184	46	blue-collar	married	professional.course	no	no	no	cellular	nov	fri	383	1	999	0	nonexistent	-1.1	94.767	-50.8	1.028	4963.6	no
41185	56	retired	married	university.degree	no	yes	no	cellular	nov	fri	189	2	999	0	nonexistent	-1.1	94.767	-50.8	1.028	4963.6	no
41186	44	technician	married	professional.course	no	no	no	cellular	nov	fri	442	1	999	0	nonexistent	-1.1	94.767	-50.8	1.028	4963.6	yes
41187	74	retired	married	professional.course	no	yes	no	cellular	nov	fri	239	3	999	1	failure	-1.1	94.767	-50.8	1.028	4963.6	no

Most frequent

	age	job	marital	education	default	housing	loan	contact	month	day_of_week	duration	campaign	pdays	poutcome	emp.var.rate	cons.price.idx	cons.conf.idx	euribor3m	nr.employed	y	count
0	24	services	single	high.school	no	yes	no	cellular	apr	tue	114	1	999	nonexistent	-1.8	93.075	-47.1	1.423	5099.1	no	2
1	27	technician	single	professional.course	no	no	no	cellular	jul	mon	331	2	999	nonexistent	1.4	93.918	-42.7	4.962	5228.1	no	2
2	32	technician	single	professional.course	no	yes	no	cellular	jul	thu	128	1	999	nonexistent	1.4	93.918	-42.7	4.968	5228.1	no	2
3	35	admin.	married	university.degree	no	yes	no	cellular	may	fri	348	4	999	nonexistent	-1.8	92.893	-46.2	1.313	5099.1	no	2
4	36	retired	married	unknown	no	no	no	telephone	jul	thu	88	1	999	nonexistent	1.4	93.918	-42.7	4.966	5228.1	no	2
5	39	admin.	married	university.degree	no	no	no	cellular	nov	tue	123	2	999	nonexistent	-0.1	93.200	-42.0	4.153	5195.8	no	2
6	39	blue-collar	married	basic.6y	no	no	no	telephone	may	thu	124	1	999	nonexistent	1.1	93.994	-36.4	4.855	5191.0	no	2
7	41	technician	married	professional.course	no	yes	no	cellular	aug	tue	127	1	999	nonexistent	1.4	93.444	-36.1	4.966	5228.1	no	2
8	45	admin.	married	university.degree	no	no	no	cellular	jul	thu	252	1	999	nonexistent	-2.9	92.469	-33.6	1.072	5076.2	yes	2
9	47	technician	divorced	high.school	no	yes	no	cellular	jul	thu	43	3	999	nonexistent	1.4	93.918	-42.7	4.962	5228.1	no	2

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Cramér's V (φc)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows

Duplicate rows

Most frequent